1915-1950+(Mark+Holmes)


 * __1915-1950__

Werner Heisenberg (1901-1976)**

--Heisenberg, uncertainty paper, 1927 ||
 * The more precisely the position is determined, the less precisely the momentum is known in this instant, and vice versa.

Werner Heisenburg was a German physicist who was born in Wurzburg, Germany in the year 1901. Heisenburg's father was a doctor as well as a professor of Greek Languages at the University of Munich. This is where Heisenburg could have potentially been influenced into higher education opportunities. During 1924-25 Heisenburg worked with Neils Bohr, and Heisenburg's infamous Uncertainty Pirnciple could have been due to help from Bohr. Heisenburg is best known for making the Uncertainty Principle in 1927. In 1932, he was awarded a Nobel Prize in physics for his amazing discovery. During World War II Heisenburg worked as the head of the German Nuclear energy project. After Germany lost the war, Heisenburg was arrested and held in England from May 1945- January 1946. After that, he went on to give lectures thorughout Europe and the United States.

The Uncerta)inty Principle discovered by Werner Heisenburg was truly a scientific breakthrough for the world of chemistry. The Uncertainty Princicple states that, "certain pairs of physical properties, like position and momentum, cannot both be known to arbitrary precision. That is, the more precisely a property is known, the less precisely the other can be known" ([]). This principle is best described with this equation; . Basically, what this equation is also saying is that it is literally not possible to measure any objects position and velocity at the same time with accuracy. This principle better helped the world of chemistry understand the atom because before, it was thought that velocity and position could potentially be measured at the same time. Yet, after Heisenburg's discovery, he absolutely shut down all of those people who thought that position and velocity could be measured at the same time with certainty. .

([]) ([]) ([])


 * James Chadwick (1891-1974)**

James Chadwick was a physicist born in Cheshire, England in 1891. Even at a young age, Chadwick was extremely gifted in physics. In 1911, he graduated from Manchester University's Honours School of Physics. He then worked under Earnest Rutherford for a span of two years. However, in 1932, Chadwick made the discovery he is known for all over the world for today; the discovery of the nucleus in an atom. Furthermore, in 1935, Chadwick was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the atom. During the time where Chadiwck made this discovery there were various discoveries in both physics and chemistry. However, before this, there was the atom, filled with empty space. However, after this discovery, the understanding of the atom became even more advanced than before.

Obviously, Chadwick is best known for the discovery of the neutron. Chadwick did so through a complicated experiment of smashing alpha particles into beryllium. He then, "allowed the radiation that was released to hit another target: paraffin wax. When the beryllium radiation hit hydrogen atoms in the wax, the atoms were sent into a detecting chamber" ([]). The results of this experiment shows that "a collision with beryllium atoms would release massive neutral particles, which Chadwick names neutrons" ([]). Furthermore, this discovery was the missing puzzle piece per say, of the discovery of the masses in atoms. Also, through this discovery, scientists all over the world began experimenting and therefore, nuclear fission was discovered. Therefore, the result of this was the discoveries of the nuclear weapon and nuclear powerpoints.

([]) ([]) ([])