L.+Lyon+Time+Line+Project

=**__//The Big Time Line Project//__**=

**395-387 - Corinthian War **
 * Ancient:**


 * 333 -** **Battle of Issus-Alexander**




 * 490-Battle of Marathon**

//Leucippus (Date of birth and death unknown):// Aristotle has credited Leucippus as being the first to come up with the atomic theory. Although not much is known about him, many believe he was born in Miletus (Asia Minor), and later moved to Elea, he finally settled in Abdera, Greece. He flourished around 475 BC. Though the Greek philosopher Epicurus claimed he didn’t exist, and some scientists believe that to this day. He supposedly taught Democritus who got his ideas on the Atomic Theory out to the public.

//Democritus (470-380 BC):// Democritus was born in Abdera, Greece. He took the basic ideas of Leucippus and developed the into to the basic idea that all matter and everything in existence is made up of small, indestructible, and unseen to the human eye particles called "Atoms" (the word meaning, "un-cuttables"). He believed that they differed in shape and size, depending on the type of atom, however they were all made up of the same substance.
 * [Democritus and the Void by Sarah Maple]**

//Aristotle (384-322 BC):// Aristotle was born in Stagira, Macedonia in northeast Greece. Contrary to the beliefes of Democritus and Leucippus, Aristotle did not believe in atoms being different sizes, or that they could be in constant motion. Instead he created a theory that all the worlds matter consisted of four elements. The elements were earth, air, water and fire. The elements had four qualities: dryness, hotness, coldness, and moistness. He believed that these elements move naturally to their "proper place," where the atoms would be at rest. //Content:// World Events: Ancient http://ancienthistory.about.com/library/bl/bl_time_europe_my_greece.htm Leucippus [|[[http://www.hypatia-lovers.com/AncientGreeks/Section14.htmlDemocritus|http://www.hypatia-lovers.com/AncientGreeks/Section14.html]]] Democritus http://www.hypatia-lovers.com/AncientGreeks/Section17.html Aristotle http://www.angel fire.com/sc2/atomtheory/aristotle.html http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/7997/aristot.htm //Pictures:// Leucippus: http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en/thumb/7/7a/200px-Leucippus.jpg Democritus: http://www.columbia.k12.mo.us/jjhs/Technology/S&E0506/bloomc/dman.jpg Aristotle: [|[[http://www.rakemag.com/today/readmenace/archive/aristotle.jpgBattle|http://www.rakemag.com/today/readmenace/archive/aristotle.jpg]]] Battle of Issus http://www.markchurms.com/Merchant2/graphics/alexander-m.jpg Corinthian War http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en-commons/thumb/d/d4/300px-Phalanx1.png Battle of Marathon http://members.tripod.com/joseph_berrigan/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/thermopylae.jpg
 * //__BIBLIOGRAPHY:__//**


 * 466-1700

14th-17th century-Renaissance**


 * [[image:chem35.JPG width="359" height="254" align="left"]]

1491-America Found by Christopher Columbus



1607-Jamestown founded in Virginia, first permanent English colony on the continent.**

//Galileusz Galileo Galilei (1564-1642):// The famous scientists was born in Italy in 1564 A.D. It is because of Galileo that Democritus' ideas of the atoms came bakc to life. However, he believed that the world was made up of a countless amount of atoms separated by a quantitatively infinite vacuum. Galileo's idea of the atom was an indivisible particle without shape or any dimensions.

//Pierre Gassendi (1592-1655):// 16th century chemists was born in France in 1592. He was the first to decide that research should be done through expierementation. He was also the first real atom researcher of modern times. Gassendi agreed with Galileo that atoms were particles in a constant vacuum. He also believed that atoms could be bound together and gather. The reason they could bind together, was the force that Gassendi believed atoms had.

//Robert Boyle (1627-1691):// Robert Boyle was born in ireland in the early 17th century. He conducted experiments with pressure and air structure. These experiments established that air is made up of of separate, moving atoms, which stay a reasonable distance from each other. Thanks to this discovery of the structure of air, it can change its volume.

//Content:// 16th &17th century chemists: [|[[http://library.thinkquest.org/19662/low/eng/16th17th.htmlRenaissance|http://library.thinkquest.org/19662/low/eng/16th17th.html]]] //Pictures:// Renaissance http://community.iexplore.com/photos/journal_photos/Venetian-Interior-Art-4(2).jpg Jamestown http://history.wisc.edu/sommerville/361/images/Smith%20Virginia.jpg Columbus http://www.spvocation.org/site/external/fckeditor/data/Image/FOTM/LandingofColumbus.jpg
 * //__BIBLIOGRAPHY:__//**


 * 1700-1800

1740-1748-War of Austrian Succession**


 * [[image:chem37.JPG width="381" height="277" align="left"]]

French and Indian Wars unoffically beign-1754**


 * [[image:chem38.JPG width="434" height="292" align="left"]]

1787-U.S Constitution signed**

//Daniel Bernoulli (1700-1782):// Daniel Bernoulli was raised and died in Basel, Switzerland. Bernoulli proved, based on Robert Boyle's law, that the pressure of a gas consists of atoms colliding within their containment of the gas.

//Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (1243-1294):// Lavoisier was a French chemist who was able to decompose water and proved that it was made up of hydrogen and oxygen. His discoveries helped to prove that atoms did in fact make up all of the world.

//Rudjer Josip Boscowich (1711-1787):// Rudjer Boscowich was born in Dubrovnik Croatia, but later in his life traveled and lived in England, France, and Italy. He did not want to accept Newtons law of universal gravity, at least not on the atomic scale. He believed they had their own field of force, which he explained using geometry. Boscowich also believed that atoms were particles without demensions, simply geometric points.

//Content:// 18th century chemists: [|http://library.thinkquest.org/19662/low/eng/18th.html]World Events: 18th century http://www.history1700s.com/page1005.shtml //Pictures:// Daniel Bernoulli [|[[http://www.fredsakademiet.dk/library/science/_gifs/dan-bernoulli.jpgAustrian|http://www.fredsakademiet.dk/library/science/_gifs/dan-bernoulli.jpg]]] Austrian War http://www.sommilmuseum.org.uk/images/pearcesdragoonsrounded.jpg French/Indian Wars http://www.mohicanpress.com/images/painting_griffing_bushy_run.jpg Constitution http://knowledgerush.com/wiki_image/9/97/Constitution_of_the_United_States_Ratification.png
 * //__BIBLIOGRAPHY:__//**
 * 1800-1875

Late 1700's-early/mid 1800's- Industrial Revolution**


 * [[image:chem39.JPG width="428" height="302" align="left"]]

Lousisiana Purchase-1803**


 * [[image:chem40.JPG width="227" height="257" align="left"]]

1812-Napolean Invades Russia**

//John Dalton (1766-1844):// John Dalton was born, raised, lived, and died in England. In 1804 Dalton came up with an atomic theory with 4 main points. 1)All atter is made up of atoms. Atoms are indivisable and indestructable. 2) All atoms of a given element are identicle in mass and properties. 3) Compounds are formend by a combination of two or more different kinds of atoms. 4) A chemical reaction is a //rearangement// of atoms. He was also one of the first people to really give the world an idea of what an atom looks like. He imagined it as a small, round, solid, indivisable particle.



//Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen(////1845-1923)-// Wilhlem Roentgen was born in the Lower Rhine province of Germany in 1845. When he turned 3 his family moved to Austria. In 1895//,// Roentgen was studying an electric current going through an extremely low pressured gas. After putting multiple objects of different thicknesses, he finally asked his wife to put her hand in front of the rays, the photograph taken was of the bones in her hand and the ring she was wearing. This was the first X-ray.

//Dymitrij Medelejev (1834-1907):// Dymitrij was born in Russia in 1834, and grew up to be a great Russian Chemist. When writing a handbook for studdents, Medelejev started to notice similrities in every eight elements. He started to organize all of the elements into columbs, he left some gaps, for unknown elements. This was, basically, the first periodic table of elements.

//Content:// atom model history http://www.csmate.colostate.edu/cltw/cohortpages/viney/atomhistory.html Röntgen [|http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1901/rontgen-bio.html] Mendelejev [|[[http://library.thinkquest.org/19662/low/eng/19th.htmlWorld|http://library.thinkquest.org/19662/low/eng/19th.html]]] World Events: 19th Century http://ehistory.osu.edu/world/TimeLineDisplay.cfm?Era_id=13//Pictures:// Dalton Atom http://resources.schoolscience.co.uk/PPARC/16plus/images/atommodel1.gif John Dalton: [|[[http://www.learner.org/channel/courses/essential/physicalsci/images/s4.dalton.jpgLouisiana|http://www.learner.org/channel/courses/essential/physicalsci/images/s4.dalton.jpg]]] Louisiana Purchase http://www.mrnussbaum.com/lpmap.gif Napoleon http://www.sc.gov/NR/rdonlyres/B133AC0E-485C-40E2-A6F0-532A5F41179C/399/NapCrossingAlpsweb.jpgIndustrial Revolution http://www.geocities.com/turning_world/factory.gif
 * __//BIBLIOGRAPHY://__**
 * 1875-1900**


 * Berlin Conference-1878**




 * Turks must** **accept Treaty of San Stefano**-**1878**




 * Revolt against Ottoman Rule-1875**

//Henri Becquerel (1852-1908):// Henri Becquerel was born in 1852, Paris, France. In 1896, Becquerel made his famous discovery of natural radioactivity.For this discovery he was awarded half of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903, the other half going to Maire Curie and her husband

//Marie Curie (1867-1934):// Madame Curie (Born Maria Sklodowska) was born in Warsaw, Poland in November of 1867. Being a woman, it was very hard for her to get any support from her peers (or anyone else for that matter) in being a chemist. She met her husband, Pierre Curie, while attending the Sorbonne in Paris, France. Though her and her husband worked under tough conditions and in a less than desired labratory, Marie Curie and her Husband were able to use Henri Becquerel's studies of radioactivity to find 2 new elements. One was polonium (named ater Curie's home country of poland) and Radium, the Buries also found out how oto separate these substances from non-raidoactive substances. For their discoveries, they won half the nobel prize in physics in 1903 with Henri Becqurel.

//JJ Thomson (1856-1940):// Joseph John Thomson was born Cheetham Hill of Manchester, England. In 1897 JJ Thomson suggested that the atom was a small sphere with a positive charge of electricity with negatively charged particles throughout the atom. This idea was called the "Plum Pudding Model." He also discovered the electron, which won him the Nobel prize in 1906 for physics.



__**//BIBLIOGRAPHY://**__ //Content:// Henri Becquerel http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1903/becquerel-bio.html JJ Thompson http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1906/thomson-bio.html Marie Curie http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1903/marie-curie-bio.html World Events: 1875-1900 http://www.revision-notes.co.uk/revision/49.html //Pictures:// Plum Pudding Model [|[[http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/physics/quantised_world/structure-1.htmlBerlin|http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/physics/quantised_world/structure-1.html]]] Berlin Conference http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Afrikakonferenz.jpg/350px-Afrikakonferenz.jpg Treaty of San Stefano http://www.emich.edu/public/history/moss/ignass.jpg Ottoman Empire http://www.m-w.com/maps/images/maps/greece_map.gif


 * 1900-1915**
 * [[image:chem44.JPG width="307" height="251" align="left"]]

3rd Gluider by Wright brothers flies successfully-1902



Russo-Japanese War-1903



Titanic Sinks- 1912**

//Robert Milikan (1868-1953):// Born in Morrison, Illinois, U.S.A., Millikan was recognized for his many discoveries in physical science. One of these was when he correctly determined the charge of an electron by using the "falling-drop method." He also realized that this quantity was constant for all atoms in 1910. This demonstrated the atomic structure of electricity.

//Ernest Rutherford (1871-1937):// Ernest Rutherford was born in Nelson, New Zealand in August of 1871. Later in his life he moved to England. His famous expierement was the "Gold Foil Expierement" where he shot particles at a sheet of thin gold foil and, while expecting all the particles to go strait through the foil, 1 in 8000 shot back. Rutherford described it as if he had shot a bullet into a piece of paper, and it bounced back. He developed the theory of a "Neucleus" in the center of an atom in 1910. This was a huge leap in atomic science.

//Niels Bohr (1885-1962):// Niels Bohr was born in Copenhagen, Denmark. He worked by himself, and with other chemists like JJ Thomson and Ernest Rutherford. In 1913 Rutherford and Bohr developed a new idea of the atomic structure, based on Rutherfords discovery of the neucleus.

//**__BIBLIOGRAPHY:__** Content:// Robert Millikan http[|://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1923/millikan-bio.html] Neils Bohr http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1922/bohr-bio.html Ernest Rutherford [|[[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1908/rutherford-bio.htmlWorld|http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1908/rutherford-bio.html]]] World Events: 1900-1915 http://www.pbs.org/eakins/we_1900.htm //Pictures:// Planetary/Bohr-Rutherford Model: http://www.linearcollider.org/newsline/images/20060518_dc_02.jpg Wright Bro’s Plane http://www.asaa-avart.org/BrushWinter2004Images/Connie%20Tobias%20Flies.jpg Russo-Japanese War http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=84517&rendTypeId=4 Titanic http://www.webtek.no/titanic/Images/titanic6.jpg


 * 1915-1950**


 * 1914-1918-WWI**


 * [[image:chem32.JPG width="313" height="372" align="left"]]

1939-1945-WWII**


 * [[image:chem47.JPG width="262" height="388" align="left"]]

Women First Compete in the Olympics-1928**

//Erwin Schrödinger (1877-1961):// In 1877, Erwin Schrödinger was born in Vienna, Austria. He went to school in a Gymnasium, the most educationally inclined version of high school there is in Germany/Austria (similar to a regular high school in America). Even from that age, he was very interested in science. He moved to Germany for a teaching position at the University of Stuttgart. Schrödinger could not accept the Bohr-Rutherford atomic model; he believed that an atoms structure should be ascertained by a eigenvalue problem. So, in the 1920's, with help from Werner Heisenberg, they developed the electron cloud model.



//Werner Heisenberg (1901-1976):// Heisenberg grew up in Würzberg, Germany. He worked with other famous scientists like Niels Bohr, however, did not agree with Bohr's theories on the atomic structure. He based his theory on the amount of adiation the atom gives off, and his famous //Principal of Uncertainty.// With his and Eriwn Scrödinger's theories and studies, they both developed the electron cloud model.

// James Chadwick (1891-1974):// James Chadwick was born in Cheshire England. During WWI he traveled to Germany for an intership in the Zivilgefangenenlager, Ruhleben. In 1919, he returned to England. James is famous for the major finding of the exsistance of neutrons in atoms in 1932. This led to the creation of atomic bombs. In 1935, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics

__**//BIBLIOGRAPHY://**__ //Content:// Erwin Schrödinger H[|ttp://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1933/schrodinger-bio.html] Werner Heisenberg http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1932/heisenberg-bio.html James Chadwick http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1935/chadwick-bio.html World Events:1915-1950 H[|ttp://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/adaccess/timeline-1926.html] //Pictures:// Electronic Cloud Model http://www.csmate.colostate.edu/cltw/cohortpages/viney/atomhistory.html Pierre Gassendi http://www.obs-azur.fr/cerga/mignard/PASSAGE_03/Images/PGassendi.jpg WWII http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Nagasakibomb.jpg WWI http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/wwi/images/wwi.jpg Olympics http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=84958&rendTypeId=4