422-002+L.+Jaho+Big+Time+Line+Project

__The Atoms's founding fathers__ >[**507 B.C** = Cleisthenes, Greek reformer, takes power and increases Democracy.] >[**400 B.C**= Pluto and Aristotle lay the philisophical foundation for phsycology] >[**354 B.C**= Guiling war in China.]

(**460-370 B.C** **Greece**)<**Democritos** advanced the atomic theory, which asserted that the universe is composed of two indivisible elements, called the atom and the void. " By convention, the sweet, by convention, the bitter, by convention, the cold, the hot, the color, in truth, nothing but atoms and void."

[AIR~EARTH~FIRE~WATER]
 * (384-322__BCE__ Greece)<Aristotle** emphasizes that nature consisted of four elements...

(341-270 B.C Sicily)<**Empedocles** associated the elements with gods... Zeus -AIR Hera -EARTH Hades -FIRE Persephone -WATER

John Dalton
(1766-1844)

(1766-1844) //* All atoms ofa given elemnt are identified in mass and properties.//
 * All matter is made of atoms; indivisible and indestructable.
 * Chemical reaction is rearangment of atoms.
 * Made the first periodic

table of elements!* "I am nearly persuaded that the circumstances depends on the weight and number of the ultimate particles of the several gasses." DALTON'S LAW: "I see no suffficient reason wh ywe may not conclude that all elastic fluids under the same pressure expand equally by heat ..." // <---FIRST PERIODIC TABLE! (Thanks John)//

[ 1715-1774 = KingLouis XV of France] [ 1790 = Lions became exctinct in Egypt.] [ 1790 = Wolfgang Mozart died on December 5th 1791.]

>[ **1801** = The Kingdom of Great Brittain, and the Kingdom of Ireland, mergedto create the United Kingdom.] >[ **1807** = The United Kingdom declares slave trade illegal. >[ **1833** =The city of Chigago was established at the estuary of theChigago River by 350 settlers. = = = =

=Sir Humphry Davy= (1778-1829 England) = = = =
 * he was a Chemist and studied electrochemistry
 * discovered several new elements by decomposing compounds which had already existed using electricity.
 * The elements he discovered were sodium and potassium.
 * Found that chlorine was element not compound.
 * Believed that the elements that he found had formed the compounds by electrical attraction.

(1791-1867 England)
 * Michael Faraday** :


 * "Faradays Law of Chemical Electrolysis"- he found a way to link the amount of electricity and the mass of a substance created.

(1826-1911 Irish)
 * George Johnstone Stoney**

a choice of fundamental units and suggested that there was the smallest unit of electricity by experimentation on the hydrogen ion charge and calculation the value of the charge. loanswithnoguarantor.org.uk The idea of the smallest unit of electricity was advanced by Helmholtz (1881) and Stoney gave this unit the name "Electron" in 1897.
 * Irish physicists famous for introducing the term //electron in 1874.//
 * Believed that science could be simplified.

>[ 1905 = Albert Einstein invented the atSpecial Theory of relativity.] >[ 1910 = Father's Day is celebrated for teh first time.] >[ 1915 = The Lusitania is sunk by a German Submarine.]

=William Crookes= (1832-1919)
 * (**The Crookes Tube**: The current moved from the cathode to the anode through a vacume; it moved in lines, similar to light. Magnets could deflect the current"
 * [[image:http://www.makingthemodernworld.org.uk/icons_of_invention/img/IM.1109_el.jpg width="136" height="107"]]
 * Discovered the element Thallium.* (1832-1919)
 * In his investigations of the conduction of electricity in low pressure gases, he discovered that as the pressure was lowered, the negative electrode (cathode) appeared to emit rays.

>[ **1921** = Peace Treay is signed between Germany and Berlin.] >[ **1921** = Warrwen G. Harding is announced President of the US.] >[ **1939** = Germany invades Rhineland, which it had lost to France in WWI.]

=Wilhelm Rontgen= (1845-1923 German)
 * Discovered exrays, while experiementing with cathode rays coming from the Crookes tube.
 * Rays cause teh vacume (crookes tube) to glow, which led to hsi discovery of the X-rays.*

( Wilhelm, and the first X-Ray!) = =

=Henri Becquerel= (1852-1908 France)
 * French physicist
 * One of teh Discoverers of radioactivity.
 * In 1896, while investigating phosphorescence in uranium salts (given to him by his father), then accidentally discovered

=J.J Thompson= (1856-1940)
 * Credited on the discovery of the atom,isotopes and he creation of the mass spectrometer.*
 * Invented the __Plum Putting Model__ of the atom.*

=Marie Curie= (1867-1939)
 * Physicist and chemist
 * Winner of two nobel peace prizesDiscovered teh first chemical element-->(polonium) *Found Uranium in Plotonium *Discovered Radium

=Robert Millikan= (1868-1953)
 * Physicist
 * Nobel Peace Prize 1923 in physics
 * In his Oil drop experiment gound the charge of a single electron

=Ernest Rutherford= (1871-1937 New Zealand)
 * 1908 Nobel Peace Prize winner in Chemistry,
 * Nuclear Physicist- "Father of Nuclear Physics"
 * Found that radioactivity awas teh desentigation of atoms.
 * Discovered Alpha and Beta rays

=Neils Bohr= (1885-1962)
 * Made contributions to understanding atomic structure in quantum mechanics
 * Nobel Prize 1922
 * Excelled in Quantum mechanics

=Erwin Shrodinger= (1887-1961) =*Contributed to quantrum mechanics=
 * Nobel prize 1633
 * Invented SCcrodinger Equations.

=James Chadwick= (1891-1974)
 * Discovered the nuetron
 * Workedwith ErnestRutherford
 * Made a fundamental discovery in nuclear science
 * Won the hughesmedal in 1932
 * Won Nobel Prize in physics (1935

=Werner Heisenberg= (1901-1970)
 * One of the founders of quantum mechanics
 * Head of German nuclear energy project
 * Invented matrix mechanics
 * Nobel Prize in physics 1932
 * Used James Chadwick's Proton-Nuetron theory to explainthe nuclear spins on isotopes

>[ 1955 = The U.S agreed to Train teh Vietnameese army.] >[ 1958 = Explorer I, First U.S satellite launched.] >[ 1959 = Fidel Castro comes to power in Cuba] >[ 2007 = Britney Spears looses Custody of her two kids.]

Atomic models; Small sphyrical, indivisible solid atom model

Electron cloud model

Plum pudding Model: Rutherford-Bohr Model

Planetary Model