N.+Swanson+and+N.+Sherman+reaction+project

Hydrochloric Acid Hydrochloric acid is the aqueous solution of hydrogen gas and chlorine gas(HCl). Hydrochloric acid is very corrosive, and must be handled with care. It is used mostly for industrial purposes, such as pickling steel. Pickling is the process in which rust is stripped from the steel. It can also be used in the process of making leather, cleaning the house, and building construction. It also has many more uses in creating compounds. Jabir Ibn Hayyan, who was a famous alchemist, discovered it circa 800AD. Hydrochloric acid is not the only compound he discovered. In fact, he found so many that he recorded all his data in over 20 books. He made the compound by mixing common salt with vitriol. He used it to do dissolve gold, which was huge for alchemists in search of the philosopher’s stone. In Europe’s industrial revolution, soda ash was in high demand, and a man named Nicolas Leblanc exploited this issue. He created a cheap process to make soda ash using sulfuric acid. However, this was causing loads of HCl to dump into the air, so soda ash producers were told to absorb the waste in water. This resulted in mass amounts of hydrochloric acid being produced. Most hydrochloric acid is made by absorbing hydrogen chloride from industrial organic compounds production. So in other words, hydrochloric acid is prepared by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. It is produced in different concentrated grades, 38% being the highest. 40% is chemically possible, but that’s so potent that it would make it very hard to store. However, most industrial uses call for 30-34%. Household uses on the other hand come in 10-12%, and that is still very potent. In fact, most producers for the household items recommend dilution. DOW Chemical is a big producer of Hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric Acid is a strong acid beacuse it is fully dissociated in water. Also it is a major component of gastric acid. Hydrochloric Acid has another, less common name which is muriatic acid Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) is a monoprotic acid which means that it can only ionize once to give up one H+ ion (which is one proton). In an aqueous solution of Hydrochloric Acid the H+ joins with a molecule of water to form a hydronium ion H3O+. here is an equation for that HCl + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + Cl− The other ion in hydrochloirc acid to form is Cl−, this ion is called the chloride ion. This means that Hydrochloric acid can be used to make salts that use chlorine, that are called chlorides. Such salts are sodium chloride. The boiling and melting points of Hydrochoric are very similar to the boiling and melting points of water. the boing point of hydrochloric acid is 103 degrees celcius and waters is 100 degrees celcius. The melting point for hydrochloric acid is -18 degrees celcius and waters is 0 degrees celcius. Hydrochloric makes up the majority of gastric acid which is the human digestive fluid. in a long and complex process and a with a lot of energy it is sort of hiding behind these things called the parietal cells (also known as the oxyntic cells).



· (2001) "Hydrochloric Acid", Chemicals Economics Handbook. [|SRI] International, p. 733.4000A-733.3003F. · Van Dorst, W.C.A.; et al. (2004). technical product brochure Hydrochloric Acid, public document, [|Akzo Nobel] Base Chemicals.