Berthiaume.Allen.Spring2010.AtomicTimeline.

Atomic History Time Line

​ __Democritus - (460- 370BCE)__

His Father was a extremely weathy man. His recognition came form his work in predicting weather and phenomena. People actually thought that Democritus was capable of predicting what the weather was going to be. He was commonly known as the laughing philosopher. He took the atomic theory of Leucippus a little further. He said that atoms are small indestructable untits. Democritus aso concluded that an atom can only broken down so much. When it got to a certain point an atom could reach its smallest point.



__Aristotle-( 384BC- 322Bc)__

He was born into a pretty well to do family. His father was the doctor for the king of Mecadonia. Aristotle attended the Academy in Athens. He was a teacher and became the tutor for the kings son in 343B.C. When he did not recieve the head position at the acedemy he founded his own school named Lyceum. Here he was involved in many different topics including Physics, Economics, and ehtics. Aristotle beleived that ther were four different elements, earth, water, air, and fire. He went on to alter what Democritus said and say that you can always break down and atom into a even smaller piece of matter. He was never challenged because he was involved with the king.



__Jolhn Dalton - (September 6 1766- July 27,1844)__

Joln Dalton was a british Chemist and a physicist. He started to keep a meteorlogical diary in 1787 and it contained over 200,000 obsevations. In 1794 he became of the Manchester literary and Philosophical sosiety. He said that elements were tiny particles called atoms. He said that all the atoms in one emement had the same mass. But, atoms of different elements had different masses. Dalton said that atoms were were very very small indestructible particles. He also did work with their mass, size, and chemical behavior.



__Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen(March 27,1845-Feb. 10 1923)__

Roentgen was born in the Lower Rhine Province of Germany. When he was little he moved to the Netherlands with his family. He went to the university of Utrecht in 1865. He could not attend because he did not have the necessary cridentails. he then went and recieved a PHD from the university of Zurich in 1869. He became a professor in the acedemy of Agriculture in Wurttemberg in 1875. Around the 1870's he fist works had to do with specific heat of gases. In 1872 he married a womwn named Anna Ludwig. He contributuions had to do with the discovery of x-rays. He discovered that the x-rays could go through skin and tissue but were stopped by bone.

__Henri Becquerel(December 15, 1852- August 25 1908)__

He was born in Paris as Antoine Henri Becquerel. He was born into a family of scholars. His father was a professor of applied physics. in 1888 Henri acquired a doctrine of science. He served as an assistant at the Museum of National history. Some of his fist works had to do with polarized lighting He studied the affects that x-rays had on photographic film. He aslo did work with how chemicals combust and penetrate the rays. Hw wo the Noble prize in 1903.



__J.J. Thomson(December 18, 1856-1940)__

He was born in the Cheetham hill area of Manchester. he attended Owens college in 1970 and Trinity colloge in 1876. Thomson was a professor of physics at the university of Cambridge from 1884- 1918. His work with atomic structure he won the Adams prize in1884. He was awarded meny different medals and prizes including the hughs medal in 1894, the copley medal in 1902 and he was knighted in 1908. He also was the recipiant of many Honorable degrees. His contribution was hiss plum pudding model. He said that electrons were trapped in a positive charged structure like plums in pudding.



__Marie Curie(Nov. 7,1867-July 4, 1934)__

She grew up with a general education. Her husband was was Pierre Curie who was involved with most of her work. She became a professor in general physics in 1906. Most of her experiments were done un very undisierable conditions. She did work that involved seperating the radioactive reiduo from radium. She was awarded a gift of $50,000 from President Hoover to buy radium. She shared a Nobel prize with her husband for physics in 1903. Later in 1911 she recieved a second Nobel prize for chemistry. Her experiments had to do with radioactivity. Curie discovered the radioactive elements polonia and radium. She aslo did work with a portable x-ray machine during WWI.



__Robert Millikan(March 22 1868-Dec. 19,1953)__

Robert Millikan attended Oberlin college in 1886. In 1893 he was a master of physics and also he became a fellow in physics at Columbia university. He recieved a PHD in polorized light in 1895. He was awarded the Nobel peace prize in 1923 for physics. He determined the charge that is carried by an electron by using his oil drop experiment. He was the vice chairman of the national research council and did work with anti submarine devices. He was a tennis player and a golf player.



__Ernest Rutherford(Aug. 30,1871-1937)__

Ernest Rutherford was born on August 30th 1871, in Nelson New Zealand. Ernest won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1908. He was this prize "for his investigations into the disintegration of the elements, and the chemistry of radioactive substances". Ernest Rutherford published his atomic theory describing the atom as having a central positive nucleus surrounded by negative orbiting electrons. Ernest Rutherford died in 1937.



__Erwin Schrodinger(August. 12, 1887-1961)__

Erwin Schrodinger was born on August 12th 1887, in Vienna. Erwin jointly won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1933 with Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac. They won "for the discovery of the new productive forms of atomic theory". Erwin also eveloped the equation which is used today to understand atoms and molecules which today is known as //The Schrodinger Equation//.Erwin Schrodinger died in 1961.



__Niels Bohr (October. 7, 1885-1962)__

Niels Bohr was born on October 7th 1885 in Copenhagen. Bohr won the nobel prize in physics in 1922 "for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them". Bohr said tha electrons occpied fixed orbits around th nucleus called electon shells. Niels Bohr died in Copenhagen on November 18th 1962.



__James Chadwick (October, 20.1891-July 24, 1974)__

James Chadwick was born in Cheshire England on October 20th, 1891. Chadwick won the nobel prize in physics in 1935 "for the discovery of the neutron". Chadwick concluded that the nucleus contains another tiny particle known as a neutron that has no charge. James Chadwick died on July 24th, 1974.



__Werner Heisenberg (December 5, 1901-February 1, 1976)__

Werner Heisenberg was born on Decembe 5th, 1901. Werner won the nobel prize in physics in 1932 "for te creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic of hydrogen." Werner Heisenberg died on February 1st 1976.



__Robert Oppenheimer(April 22, 1904-February 18th 1967)__

Robert Oppenheimer was born in New York City on April 22nd 1904. Robert made the first atomic bomb and winesses it go off in the New Mexico Desert. In 1963 he won the Enrico Fermi Award of the Atomic Energy Commission. Robert Oppenheimer died of throat cancer at Princeton on February 18th 1967.



__Hans Geiger (September 30, 1882-September 24, 1945)__

Hans Geiger was born on September 30th 1882. Hans was a german nuclear physicist (a person who studies the inner core of the atom). Hans is best known for his invention of the Gieger Counter, a device used for detecting and counting atomic particles. Hans Geiger died in Potsdam Germany on September 24th 1945.



__Ernest Marsden (February 19, 1889-December 15, 1970)__

Ernest Marsden was born on February 19th 1889. Marsden worked with Hans Geiger by studying the deflection of a-particles and in 1913, correlated a nuclear charge with the Atomic Number. Ernest Marsden died on December 15th 1970.

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Information Citation Democritus [] [|ttp://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/21st_century_science/lectures/lec05.html] Aristotle [] [] [] john Dalton [] Wilhelm roentgen

From //[|Nobel Lectures], Physics 1901-1921//, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1967 [] [] henri Becquerel [] jj tompson

[] [] Marie Curie [] [] Robert millikan [] []

Rutherford [] []

Schrodinger [] [] []

Bohr [] []

Chadwick [] []

Heisenberg [] []

Oppenheim []

Geiger []

Marsden []