1900-1915+clarkeson.charette

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= = =Niels Bohr= = = == [] = = Niels Bohr was born on October 7 1885 in Copenhagen, Denmark. Niels' inspiration of becoming a scientist came from his father who was a physiologist. His mother's side of the family was also very well educated, so he had a lot of support. Bohr was married shortly after he attained hi doctorates degree. They had 6 sons together, and lost 2 of the 6. Despite his losses, Bohr was still deticated towards his work. Through watching JJ Thomas, working under Ernest Rutherford, and having a well developed knowledge of Planks' Quantum physics, Bohr was able to develop a model of the atomic structure in 1913. Bohr was later awarded the Nobel Prize for his contribution to the studies of the atomic structure. Niels Bohr also worked on other projects such as the Atomic Energy Project during WWII and was involved in politics. He was apart of many organizations and taught at several intitutions. On November 18, 1962, Bohr passed away. =Robert Millikan= == []Robert Millikan was born on March 22, 1868 in Morrison, Illinois. Millikan was a fan of the subjects Greek and math during his undergraduate years, but later took a teaching post for elementary physics. Millikan spent a year in Germany to advance his knowledge of physics and was afford a job at the University of Chicago where he became a professor. During his years at the University of Chicago, he helped simplify physics into text books. In 1910, Millikan discovered the charge of an electron in his oil-drop experiment. Millikan was also known for his photoelectricity work, extending the ultraviolet spectrum, and his studies of cosmic radiation. He won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1923. On December 19, 1953, Robert Millikan passed away. =Ernest Rutherford= = = == [] [] Ernest Rutherford was born on August 30, 1871 in Nelson New Zealand. Rutherford attended Neson Collegiate School at the age of 16. Rutherford attended several other universities majoring in mathmatics and physical sciences. Rutherford studied under J.J. Thomson at the Cavendish Labratory. Rutherford invented a detector for electromagnetic waves in order to study the behavior of ions which led him to discover alpha and beta rays in uranium radiation. Rutherford used the alpha rays on nitrogen and was the first to transform one element to another by the emition of these rays which are positively charged. In 1910, Rutherford developed the nuclear theory of an atom with his gold-foil experiment to support it. It stated that atoms have a nucleus with positively charged particles and it makes up most of the mass of an atom, volume is mostly made up of an electon cloud, there are an equal amount of electrons to protons. This theory led to improvements on Thomson's plum pudding model; Rutherford created the planetary model and then the Rutherford-Bohr model with Niels Bohr. Rutherford was a successful teacher in that he helped many of his students to achieve the Nobel Prize. Rutherford had many other contributions to science and was even knighted. On October 19, 1937, he passed away and was buried in the Westminster Abbey near Isaac Newton.

=Rutherford Bohr Model= After Rutherford's Gold Foil experiment, he surmised that the atom was composed largely of empty space, with a small dense nucleus. Rutherford's addition to this model was the concept that electrons orbit the nucleus in "shells" and that when were hit by a photon jumped up to a higher energy level.

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