Ancient-Times

Archimedes


Died: 212 BC (Estimate) Place of Residence: born in Syracuse, Sicily**
 * Born: 287

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Considered to be one of the greatest mathematicians and inventors of all time.

Archimedes was a Greek scientist who mainly studied the subject of Hydrostatic Principles, the idea of "Buoyancy," as well as Meteorology. Archimedes came up with the idea that any body of object partially submerged in a body of water is subject to a forward pushing the body up towards the surface, thus the term of buoyancy is coined. The idea of "Heat rising" matches the idea of positive buoyancy well. Since warm air or water is less dense then cold air or water, the warmed air or water has a POSITIVE buoyancy due to the difference in density.

He made some of his discoveries and ideas during the period where the Romans were attacking Sicily. During that time it was said that Archimedes invented weapons and tools to defend his city. He invented tools to set ships ablaze as well as other tools and inventions. After two long years of the Romans attacking, they finally broke the walls into the city and Archimedes was killed.




 * ARISTOTLE**



Died: 322
 * Born: Stagira, Northern Greece (384)

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What DIDN'T he do?

====His subjects of study included: Rhetoric, Ethics, Politics, Biology, Logic, Philosophy. He had several books and pamphlets published during his time including "Organon," Metafusikh (Metaphysics)" ==== The Man solely responsible for the "Theory of Forms" which states according to my source, "ere properties or essences of things, treated as non-material abstract, but substantial, entities. They were eternal, changeless, supremely real, and independent of ordinary objects which had their being and properties by 'participating' in them."




 * Hipparchus of Alexandria**



Born: 190 BC in Nicaea (now Iznik), Bithynia (now Turkey)
Died: 120 BC in probably Rhodes, Greece

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Very little known of the life of Hipparchus of Alexandria, only one work survived since his time. That work is titled "//Commentary on Aratus and Eudoxus"// Which was a series of three books serving as commentary on three different writings. Hipparchus of Alexandria as an astronomer. He was finally able to calculate the physical year to within a period of 6 minutes and discovered the Precession of the Equinoxes. "It is certainly unfortunate that of all of the writings of Hipparchus this was the one to survive since the three books on which Hipparchus was writing a commentary contained no mathematical astronomy. As a result of this Hipparchus chose to write at the same qualitative level in the first book and also for much of the second of his three book. However towards the end of the second book, continuing through the whole of the third book, Hipparchus gives his own account of the rising and setting of the constellations. Towards the end of Book 3 Hipparchus gives a list of bright stars always visible for the purpose of enabling the time at night to be accurately determined. As we noted above Hipparchus does not use a single consistent coordinate system to denote stellar positions, rather using a mixture of different coordinates. He uses some equatorial coordinates, although often in a rather strange way as for example saying that a star"