422-002+D.+Thibault+and+J.+Brock+Big+Time+Line+Project

=__BIG TIME LINE PROJECT__=


 * Empedocles 490-430 BC** associates the elements with four gods: Hera (Earth), Persephone (Water), Zeus (Air), Hades (Fire).


 * Gorgias 490-380 BC** according to his philosophy, nothing exists. If it did exist we could not know it, and if we new it, we could not tell anyone about it.


 * Democritus 460-371 BC Greece** expanded the concept of atoms that all atoms of the basis of all matter. He also realized that the Milky Way consists of a certain number of starts and the earth is similar to the moon.


 * Aristotle 384-322 BC** - emphasized that nature consisted of four elements: air, earth, fire and water.

__**Birth Of Jesus Christ (1 AD)**__
=//1700-1800//=

__**The Enlightenment (1700s)**__
= = In 1976 he discovered that graphite could conduct electricity. From this, he found the element carbon. When doing another experiment, he noticed that his brewery gas extinguished lighted wood chips and drifted to the ground quicker than the other air around him therefore being more dense. This element is now carbon dioxide. Over all he is responsible for discovering oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide.
 * Priestley, Joseph 1733-1804**

Lavoisier discovered nitrogen; studied acids and described composition of many organic compounds. He is generally regarded as the father of chemistry.
 * Lavoisier, A.L. 1743-1794**

__**Seven Years' War (1756-63)**__
Believe that.. 1. All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are indivisible and indestructible. 2. All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties. 3. Compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds of atoms. 4. A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms. "I see no sufficient reason why we may not conclude that all elastic fluids under the same pressure expand equally by heat and that for any given expansion of mercury, the corresponding expansion of air is proportionally something less the high the temperature." -Dalton
 * Dalton 1766-1844 England**

__**The French Revolution (1789-99)**__
Current move from cathode to the anode through a vacuum. It moved in lines similar to light. Magnets could deflect the current. The new path could be used to calculate a mass to charge ratio but wouldn't calculate mass or charge.
 * CROOKS TUBE 1800's**

=//1800-1875//=

__**New Zealand is founded (1840)**__
Responsible for X-rays. When he put a discharged tube in a completely dark room with no light, a paper plate covered on one side with barium platinocyanide placed in the place of the rays because florescent even at two meters away from the tube. He also discovered when objects are placed in front of the rays it showed transparency that was visible on the paper plate. His wifes hand was the first experiment he used and it is now known as the first example of an X-ray.
 * Wilhelm Rontgen 1845-1923** **Germany**

__**California Gold Rush (1848-58)**__
Becquerel discovered radioactivity after his father gave him a set of uranium salts. When these salts were put away in the dark with a photographic plate and taken out at a later time the plate had distinct makings on it from the uranium rays. These rays could be deflected by electric or magnetic fields and soon were his reasons for being awarded half the noble prize.
 * Henri Becquerel 1852-1908** **Paris**

__**The Taiping Rebellion (1851-64)**__
Thomson discovered a way to separate atoms and molecules with rays. This led to the discovery of isotopes around 1905. This model of the atom is called plum pudding.
 * J.J. Thompson 1856-1940 Britain**

=//1875-1900//=

__**Civil War (1861-65)**__
After the discovery of radioactivity Marie Curie decided to isolate polonium and radium. She discovered two Nobel Prizes for her work in physics and chemistry.
 * Marie Curie 1867-1934** **Germany**

__**The Franco-Prussian War (1870-71)**__
Ernest discovered that there's a tiny solid object in the middle of atoms after shooting rays at a tiny atom and having one bounce back every once and awhile. He is the founder of the nucleus.
 * Ernest Rutherford 1871-1937 New Zealand**

Milikan discovered the mass of neutrons and the electrical charge. Therefore being responsible for the atomic structure of electricity. He also discovered the law of motion.
 * Robert Millikan 1868-1953 USA**

__**The Depression (1870s-90s)**__
Was famous for his wave equation, it was created dearly 1926. He created it with his dissatisfaction with the quantum condition in Bohr's theory. For his work he won the Nobel Prize in 1933.
 * Erwin Schrodinger 1877-1974 Italy**

= =

**__First Boer War (1880-81)__**
Bohr worked on the structure of atoms. He figured out the spectrum of hydrogen and won the Nobel Prize in 1922. = =
 * Neils Bohr 1885-1962 Denmark**

__**The Wounded Knee Massacre (1890)**__
Werner was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1932 after his theory of quantum mechanics was published. "We cannot always assign to an electron a position in space at a given time, nor follow it in its orbit, so that we cannot assume that the planetary orbits postulated by Niels Bohr actually exist" -Heisenberg
 * Werner Heisenberg 1901-1976**

__**Olympic Games revived in Athens (1896)**__
In 1994 he joined the Manhattan Project and helped to develop the detonating device used in first atomic bomb. He also later helped in the banning of atomic weapons.
 * Kistiakowsky, George B. 1900-1982**


 * James Chadwick** 1891-1974 He founded the neutron and one the Nobel Prize in 1935.



=SOURCES=

KIWI WEB Happened and When? http://www.chemistry.co.nz/chronology.htm

The Official Site Of The Presidential Medal Of Freedom U.S. Medal of Freedom Recipient George B. Kistiakowsky http://www.medaloffreedom.com/GeorgeKistiakowsky.htm

Nobleprize.org Biography http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1901/rontgen-bio.html Copyright © The Nobel Foundation 1901