L.+McCormack+big+timeline+project

= = =**ANCIENT-1700**= __**Democritis**-__ Birth:460 BC Country:Greece Death:370 BC

Being the first to contribute to the discovery of atoms, he created a theory that there were various elements which always existed but could be rearranged into different states. __**Aristotle**__--

Emphasized that nature consisted of 4 elements; air earth fire and water. He believed that these elements were controlled by the gods. --Hera-Earth --Hades-Fire --Zeus-Air --Persephone-Water

He also believed that these elements were linked to the seasons.

=1700-1800=

Birth:August 26, 1743 Country:France Death:May 8, 1794
 * __Antoine Lavoisier__**

Lavoisier is sometimes referred to as the "Father of Modern Chemistry" and worked on early contributions to the Conservation of Mass.

__**John Dalton**__ Birth:September 6, 1766 Country of origin:England Death:July 24, 1844. Dalton created an atomic theory consisting of 4 parts. 1)All matter is made up of atoms. These atoms are indivisible and indestructible. 2)All atoms of a given element are identical. 3)Compounds are formed by a combination of two or more kinds of atoms. 4)A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of toms.



Dalton believed that atoms were small, spherical, solid, and invisible to the human eye

Birth:August 20, 1779 Country:Sweden Death:August 7, 1848
 * __Jons Jakob Berzelius__**

Berzelius is known for discovering the elements silicon, selenium, thorium, and cerium. He also developed the modern day system of chemical notation, in which elements are given symbols such as H, O, Cl, and Ca.


 * 1706, Thomas Jefferson is born in Boston
 * In 1800, Thomas Jefferson beats John Adams in The United States election for president.
 * 1802-Ohio outlaws slavery

= = =**1800-1875**=

Birth:August 7, 1776 Country:Italy Death:July 9, 1856
 * __Avogadro__**

The number of particles, (6.02) 10^23 is called Avogadros number for his contributions to the theory of molarity.

__**Henri Bequerel**__ Birth:December 15, 1852 Country:France Death:August 25, 1908.

Bequerel discovered radioactivity. r this he was awarded a Nobel Prize in Physics along with Marie and Pierre Curie.

__**Marie Curie**__ Birth:November 7, 1867 Country:Poland Death:July 4, 1934. Marie Curie is the only person to win a Nobel Prize in two areas of science. She is known for discovering the elements of Polonium and Raduim, as well as helping discover radio activity.


 * 1815-Napoleon defeated at waterloo
 * 1835-Texas declares independence from Mexico
 * On July 1, 1874, the first zoo was opened. It was opened in Philadelphia.

=**1875-1900**= = = ** Birth:March 14, 1879 Country:Germany Death:April 18, 1955
 * __Albert Einstein__

Einstein, best known for his theory of relativity, won the Nobel Prize in 1921 for his contributions to theoretical physics.

"Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is limited, imagination encircles the world."

__**Niels Bohr**__ Birth:October 7, 1885 Country:Denmark Death:November 18, 1962. Bohr discovered that the electrons in an atom travel in orbits around the nucleus.The chemical properties of an element are largely determined on how many electrons are in the outer orbit. For his investigation on the structure of atoms, he won a Nobel Prize in 1922.

__**James Chadwick**__ Birth:October 20, 1891 Country:England Death:July 24, 1974 Chadwick received a Nobel Prize in 1935 for proving the existence of neutrons. His discovery led toward the creation of the atomic bomb.

= =
 * 1881-Adolf Hitler is born
 * 1889-Washington is admitted as a state
 * On January 2, 1900 the first electric bus was used in New York City.

=1900-1915=

Birth:November 23, 1887 Country:England Death:August 10, 1915
 * __Henry Moseley__**

Using x-ray tubes, Moseley determined the charges on the nuclei of most atoms. He also discovered that an elements atomic number is equal to the number of protons on one atom of that element.

__**Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen**__ Birth:March 7, 1845 Country:Germany Death:February 10, 1923 In 1874 he became a lecturer at Strasbourg University. Later he became a professor at the academy of agricultyre in 1875. He discovered X-

Rays, which earned him the first Nobel Prize in physics in 1901. In addition to Nobel Prize, he won the Rumford Medal and the Matteucci Medal in 1896.

"I have seen my death." This is what Anna Bertha Ludwig, his wife, said when she saw the X-Ray of her hand.

__**Werner Heisenberg**__ Birth:December 5, 1901 Country:Germany Death:February 1, 1976

Heisenberg was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for the creation of quantum mechanics.


 * 1912-Titanic sinks.
 * Haley's Comet was first spotted in 1910.
 * On January 14, 1907 an earthquake hit Jamaica. The earthquake killed 1,000 or more people.

=1915-1950=


 * __Sir William Crookes (1832-1919)__**

Birth:June 17, 1832 Country:England Death:April 4, 1919

Crookes is most well known for his vaccum tube which he invented and used to study cathode rays. This led to other models such as J.J Thompson's Student art Crook's tube

__**Ernest Rutherford**__ Birth:August 30, 1871 Country:New Zealand Death:October 19, 1937 Rutherford was known for his gold foil experiment, in which he emitted radioactive particles at thin sheets of gold foil. Most of the time, they went through the foil, but the last tiny percent shot back. This led him to believe that each atom contained a central nucleus, which held most of the mass.

__**J.J Thompson**__ Birth:December 18, 1856 Country of Origin:England Death:August 30, 1940 Thompson is known for his plum pudding model, which was proposed in 1904. This model of the atom consisted of the negative electrons in the atom, surrounded by a positive cloud, much like plum pudding, where the plums were surrounded by the pudding. Before developing this model, Thompson had discovered the electron in 1897. For this discovery of the electron, as well as isotopes and the invention of the mass spectrometer he was awarded a Nobel Prize. =Plum Pudding Model=

= = = =
 * 1929-1941--Great Depression
 * 1945-Cold War begins
 * 1948, assassination of Gandhi.

=**1950-Current**=

__**Robert Andrews Millikan**__ Birth:March 22, 1868 Country:U.S. Death:December 19, 1953 Known for discovering the charge of an electron, and winning a Nobel Prize in physics.

Birth:August 12, 1887 Country:Austria-Hungary Death:January 4, 1961
 * __Erwin Schrodinger__**

His great discovery was his wave equation, for which he shared the Nobel Prize with Dirac in 1933.

Birth:July 12, 1928-Present Country:U.S
 * __Elias James Corey__**

Awarded the 2001 Nobel Prize in chemistry, he is regarded by some as one of the greatest living chemists.


 * On December 12, 1991, the Russian SFSR refuses to join the Soviet Union.
 * 2000-Goerge W. Bush elected President
 * September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attack on the World Trade Center.

In the electron cloud model, there is a centered nucleus with an electron cloud surrounding it

Here, the electrons travel in orbits, instead of a cloud surrounding the nucleus.

Bibliography http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1935/chadwick-bio.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg#Quantum_mechanics http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democritus http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1932/heisenberg-bio.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B6ns_Jakob_Berzelius http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1933/schrodinger-bio.html http://www.antoine-lavoisier.com/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amedeo_Avogadro http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Crookes http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elias_James_Corey http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1990/corey-autobio.html http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Sciences/Physics/Atomicphysics/Atomicstructure/AtomicTimeline/AtomicTimeline.htm

Sites used for pictures: http://library.thinkquest.org/12160/people/aristotle2.gif http://www.learner.org/channel/courses/essential/physicalsci/images/s4.dalton.jpg http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en-commons/thumb/c/c0/250px-Jj-thomson2.jpg http://www.stkate.edu/physics/phys100/roentgen.gif http://www.avn.be/fr/photo/becquerel.jpghttp://users.wfu.edu/nesbje6/images/curie.jpg http://z.about.com/d/chemistry/1/7/n/T/rutherford1.jpghttp://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/06/images/061128.millikan.jpg http://web.gc.cuny.edu/sciart/copenhagen/nyc/images/Bohr.jpg http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1935/chadwick-bio.html http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1932/heisenberg-bio.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democritus http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B6ns_Jakob_Berzelius http://www.eat-online.net/italian/education/images/schrodinger.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Albert_Einstein_Head.jpg/320px-Albert_Einstein_Head.jpg http://cstl-csm.semo.edu/mcgowan/ch181/Lavoisier.jpg http://ysfine.com/einstein/avogadro.jpg http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1990/corey-autobio.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Moseley http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dr.dk/videnskab/principia/old/PICT/dalton4.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dr.dk/videnskab/principia/old/Dalton.html&h=429&w=228&sz=22&hl=en&start=18&sig2=tFy__2_gErlCEszga6ZiPg&um=1&tbnid=PteFCEWVVHipMM:&tbnh=126&tbnw=67&ei=SQUcR_WADZaGeL-D4MwH&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddalton%2527s%2Bmodel%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26sa%3DX http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Plum_pudding_atom.svg/348px-Plum_pudding_atom.svg.png http://www1.union.edu/newmanj/lasers/Light%20Production/Planetary%20Model.jpg http://www.csmate.colostate.edu/cltw/cohortpages/viney/atom.jpg [|http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/images/atom_prop.gif]