Jette.+Years+1800-1875

= Years 1800-1875 =

= = = = = John Dalton =

"It's the right idea, but not the right time."
Bio:
 * John Dalton** 6 September 1766 – 27 July 1844
 * John Dalton was born into a Quaker family at Eaglesfield in Cumberland, England.
 * Dalton's early life was highly influenced by a prominent Eaglesfield Quaker named Elihu Robinson, a competent meteorologist and instrument maker, who got him interested in problems of mathematics and meteorology.
 * During his years in Kendal, Dalton contributed solutions of problems and questions on various subjects to the //Gentlemen's and Ladies' Diaries//, and in 1787 he began to keep a meteorological diary in which, during the succeeding 57 years, he entered more than 200,000 observations.
 * Dalton's first publication was //Meteorological Observations and Essays// (1793), which contained the seeds of several of his later discoveries. However, in spite of the originality of his treatment, little attention was paid to them by other scholars.
 * A second work by Dalton, //Elements of English Grammar//, was published in 1801.

Discoveries: 1) All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are indivisible and indestructible. 2) All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties 3) Compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds of atoms. 4) A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms.
 * Dalton's Atomic Theory
 * He also rediscovered George Hadley' s theory of atmospheric circulation (now known as the Hadley cell ).

= Germain Henri Hess C. 1802-1850 =

"thermodynamics"

 * Germain Henri Hess** August 7, 1802–November 30, 1850

Bio: > Discoveries:
 * Germain Henri Hess was a Swiss -born Russian chemist and doctor who formulated Hess's Law, an early principle of thermochemistry.
 * In 1830, Hess took up chemistry full time, researching and teaching, and later became a professor at the Saint Petersburg Technological Institute.
 * His most famous paper, outlining his law on thermochemistry, was published there in 1840.
 * Hess's other work concerned the investigation of minerals, including analysis of silver telluride (Ag2Te), which was named Hessite in his honour. He also discovered that the oxidation of sugars yielded saccharic acid.
 * His principle, a progenitor for the first law of thermodynamics, came to be called Hess's Law . It states that in a series of chemical reactions, the total energy gained or lost depends only on the initial and final states, regardless of the number or path of the steps. This is also known as the law of constant heat summation.
 * Hess was the author of a textbook on chemistry that was the standard Russian work for several decades. He died in St. Petersburg.

= William Thomson C. 1824-1907 =

would never be caught."

 * William Thomson** 26 June 1824 – 17 December 1907

Bio:
 * William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin was a Belfast-born mathematical physicist and engineer.
 * He also had a career as an electric telegraph engineer and inventor, which propelled him into the public eye and ensured his wealth, fame and honor.
 * For his work on the transatlantic telegraph project he was knighted by Queen Victoria, becoming Sir William Thomson.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Discoveries:
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">At the University of Glasgow he did important work in the mathematical analysis of electricity and formulation of the first and second Laws of Thermodynamics, and did much to unify the emerging discipline of physics in its modern form.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The first law describe the law of Conservation of Energy, while the second law states that the entropy of an isolated system never decreases (and also that perpetual motion machines are impossible).
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Lord Kelvin was also the first to develop the basis for absolute zero (a system with zero energy), and is credited with creating the Kelvin scale of measuring temperature. Kelvin worked in a stable time in history, and had access to good resources and technology for his time.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">He had extensive maritime interests and was most noted for his work on the mariner's compass, which had previously been limited in reliability.

=Work Cited For This Page:= http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germain_Henri_Hess http://www.chemistry.co.nz/hess_law.htm http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Ge-Hy/Hess-Germain-Henri.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Thomson,_1st_Baron_Kelvin http://zapatopi.net/kelvin/quotes/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dalton http://www.nndb.com/people/278/000049131/


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